最近用Debian遇到python3提示缺少某个库，运行不了。找了些资料，解决如下。
首先安装pip工具
1.1 yum -y install python-setuptools ubuntu使用apt-get install python-setuptools

1.2 python -m pip install –upgrade pip

1.3安装pip

$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

$ python get-pip.py

$ pip -V　　#查看pip版本

2.升级python到3.7版本

https://www.cnblogs.com/zydeboke/p/11465890.html 原文链接

[root@ansible soft]# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tar.xz

[root@ansible soft]# tar xvf Python-3.7.3.tar.xz

[root@ansible soft]# cd Python-3.7.3/

[root@ansible Python-3.7.3]# ./configure

[root@ansible Python-3.7.3]# make

[root@ansible Python-3.7.3]#make install

将原来 python 的软链接重命名：

# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak

将 python 链接至 python3：

# ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python

修改/usr/bin/yum和/usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down，将 #!/usr/bin/python 改为 #!/usr/bin/python2.7，保存退出即可

[root@ansible-admin Python-3.7.3]# vi /usr/bin/yum

[root@ansible-admin Python-3.7.3]# vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down

3.安装yaml(安装包，遇到的问题即解决方法)

3.1 pip install pyyaml

3.2 python -m pip install numpy

3.3 pip install pycuda

出现的问题：

3.3.1ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘_ctypes‘的解决办法

#apt-get install libffi-devel -y

#make install

#pip install pycuda

3.4 pip install matplotlib==2.2.3

3.5 问题：No module named ‘_tkinter’

yum install -y tkinter

yum install -y tk-devel

cd Python-3.7.3/

.configure

make

make install

3.6 问题：No module named ‘seaborn’

pip install seaborn

3.7 No module named ‘_bz2

yum install bzip2-devel

将_bz2.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so下载放到/usr/local/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload/即可

3.8 no display name and no $DISPLAY environment variable

修改.py

import matplotlib

matplotlib.use(‘Agg’)